{"id":30236,"date":"2022-09-19T13:01:56","date_gmt":"2022-09-19T11:01:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zsvyhlidka.cz\/?p=30236"},"modified":"2022-09-19T13:01:57","modified_gmt":"2022-09-19T11:01:57","slug":"zs-vyhlidka-po-stopach-forenzni-fonetiky-s-docentem-radkem-skarnitzlem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zsvyhlidka.cz\/?p=30236","title":{"rendered":"Z\u0160 Vyhl\u00eddka po stop\u00e1ch forenzn\u00ed fonetiky s\u00a0docentem Radkem Skarnitzlem"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Dne 16. 9. 2022 se \u017e\u00e1ci 9. ro\u010dn\u00edk\u016f z\u00fa\u010dastnili interaktivn\u00ed p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky pod veden\u00edm docenta Radka Skarnitzla,<\/strong> kter\u00fd m\u00e1 unik\u00e1tn\u00ed zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed \u2013 forenzn\u00ed fonetiku<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ve spolupr\u00e1ci s Gymn\u00e1ziem Franti\u0161ka Palack\u00e9ho Vala\u0161sk\u00e9 Mezi\u0159\u00ed\u010d\u00ed, jsme napl\u00e1novali spole\u010dn\u00e9 kroky pro spolupr\u00e1ci a podporu mezi\u0161koln\u00edch vazeb. Cel\u00e1 p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ka se uskute\u010dnila v prostor\u00e1ch auly gymn\u00e1zia, co\u017e dodalo p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ce zcela jin\u00fd rozm\u011br. Na\u0161i \u017e\u00e1ci i \u017e\u00e1ci gymn\u00e1zia tak m\u011bli jedine\u010dnou mo\u017enost nahl\u00e9dnout do sv\u011bta forenzn\u00ed fonetiky pod veden\u00edm skute\u010dn\u00e9ho odborn\u00edka z praxe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cel\u00e1 p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ka byla velmi zaj\u00edmav\u00e1. Forenzn\u00ed fonetik je povol\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by velmi dob\u0159e zapadlo do detektivn\u00edho rom\u00e1nu. Org\u00e1ny \u010dinn\u00e9 v trestn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed si \u010dasto zvou docenta Skarnitzla k ur\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed pachatele na z\u00e1klad\u011b r\u016fzn\u00fdch odposlech\u016f. D\u00edky skute\u010dn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edpad\u016fm z praxe jsme si tak l\u00e9pe p\u0159edstavili, jak pracuje soudn\u00ed znalec. Pr\u00e1ce je to velmi n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1, v\u0161ak tak\u00e9 po\u010det soudn\u00edch znalc\u016f v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice je opravdu tristn\u00ed. Celkem m\u00e1me pouze t\u0159i znalce, v\u010detn\u011b docenta Skarnitzla.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u011bhem p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky jsme se vydali po stop\u00e1ch forenzn\u00ed antropologie. Vyzkou\u0161eli jsme si, jak se profiluje pachatel na z\u00e1klad\u011b biologick\u00fdch, soci\u00e1ln\u00edch a gramatick\u00fdch faktor\u016f. Zji\u0161\u0165ovali jsme, zda je hlas biometrick\u00fd (unik\u00e1tn\u00ed) \u00fadaj, jak\u00e9 limity m\u00e1 hlas ka\u017ed\u00e9ho z n\u00e1s \u010di jak velk\u00e1 je jeho plasticita. D\u00edky r\u016fzn\u00fdm cvi\u010den\u00edm s hrtanem jsme zkoumali rezonan\u010dn\u00ed frekvence a t\u00f3nov\u00e9 hl\u00e1sky na\u0161eho \u0159e\u010dov\u00e9ho sign\u00e1lu. Byli jsme p\u0159ekvapen\u00ed, co v\u0161echno je forenzn\u00ed fonetik schopen z hlasu a \u0159e\u010di vy\u010d\u00edst, nap\u0159. \u017ee dok\u00e1\u017ee rozpoznat moment\u00e1ln\u00ed psychick\u00e9 rozpolo\u017een\u00ed mluv\u010d\u00edho nebo obecn\u00fd charakter jeho hlasu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 byly i skute\u010dn\u00e9 kauzy, nap\u0159. nigerijsk\u00e9 fingovan\u00e9 svatby, kde docent Skarnitzl rozpozn\u00e1val pachatele z 200 audionahr\u00e1vek. B\u011bhem p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky byl prostor i na dotazy \u017e\u00e1k\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V z\u00e1v\u011bru p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky jsme se dozv\u011bd\u011bli, \u017ee \u0159e\u010dov\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed mluv\u010d\u00edho se nerovn\u00e1 otisku prstu nebo struktur\u00e1m DNA. Zjistili jsme, jak se v n\u011bkter\u00fdch profes\u00edch prol\u00edn\u00e1 fonetika s p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edmi, ale i technick\u00fdmi v\u011bdami, jeliko\u017e forenzn\u00ed fonetika je komplexn\u00edm propojen\u00ed v\u0161ech v\u00fd\u0161e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch v\u011bd. Na\u0161im \u017e\u00e1k\u016fm jsme tak nejen p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eili dal\u0161\u00ed zaj\u00edmav\u00fd v\u011bdn\u00ed obor, ale i to, jak\u00e9 jsou mo\u017enosti a \u00faskal\u00ed jeho studia. Z\u00e1v\u011brem lze \u0159\u00edct, \u017ee zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm mluv\u00edme, dok\u00e1\u017ee nejen v\u00fdrazn\u011b ovlivnit to, jak n\u00e1s lid\u00e9 vn\u00edmaj\u00ed, ale \u017ee z hlasu a \u0159e\u010di se d\u00e1 vy\u010d\u00edst tak\u00e9 spousta zaj\u00edmav\u00fdch a d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch informac\u00ed\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Doc. Mgr. Radek Skarnitzl, Ph. D.<\/em><\/strong> je \u0159editelem Fonetick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu Filozofick\u00e9 fakulty Univerzity Karlovy. Mezi hlavn\u00ed oblasti jeho odborn\u00e9ho z\u00e1jmu pat\u0159\u00ed mo\u017enosti identifikace mluv\u010d\u00edho z\u00a0\u0159e\u010dov\u00e9ho sign\u00e1lu a cizineck\u00fd p\u0159\u00edzvuk. Zab\u00fdv\u00e1 se ale i zvukov\u00fdmi vlastnostmi \u010de\u0161tiny a angli\u010dtiny. Pod\u00edl\u00ed se na vylep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed synt\u00e9zy \u010de\u0161tiny. V\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti je soudn\u00edm znalcem<\/strong> se specializac\u00ed na identifikaci mluv\u010d\u00edho a anal\u00fdzu zvukov\u00e9ho sign\u00e1lu.<\/em> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mgr. Radka Nedv\u011bd Marjakov\u00e1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Dne 16. 9. 2022 se \u017e\u00e1ci 9. ro\u010dn\u00edk\u016f z\u00fa\u010dastnili interaktivn\u00ed p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky pod veden\u00edm docenta Radka Skarnitzla, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 unik\u00e1tn\u00ed zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed \u2013 forenzn\u00ed fonetiku. Ve spolupr\u00e1ci s Gymn\u00e1ziem Franti\u0161ka Palack\u00e9ho Vala\u0161sk\u00e9 Mezi\u0159\u00ed\u010d\u00ed, jsme napl\u00e1novali spole\u010dn\u00e9 kroky pro spolupr\u00e1ci a podporu mezi\u0161koln\u00edch vazeb. Zobrazit v\u00edce…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[3],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zsvyhlidka.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30236"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zsvyhlidka.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zsvyhlidka.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zsvyhlidka.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zsvyhlidka.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=30236"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.zsvyhlidka.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30236\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30237,"href":"https:\/\/www.zsvyhlidka.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30236\/revisions\/30237"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zsvyhlidka.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=30236"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zsvyhlidka.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=30236"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zsvyhlidka.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=30236"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}